This is to help new people learn what the normal Space Odyssey abbrevations stand for.  If you can think of others please PM me so I may add them, and please lets keep them to the most commonly seen.
SO is a common referance to the game Space Odyssey   
TOS is a common referance to Terms of Service
BH     is common for Black Hole  encounter   
GT is common for Gold Transport   encounter   
EP is common for  Endangered Planet  encounter   
SN is common for Super Nova  encoutner   
AC is common for Ancient Commander  encounter   
Bio is common for Bio experiment  encounter   
DL is common to describe a Derlictmother ship   
MS is common to describe a mothership missions    
Gal M  or G C   is common to describe galaxy missions or Encryption missions   
SAB is a common to describe Secrect Astroid Base   
BL is common referance to the Bounty list   
TH is a common referance to the Teufel Hunden alliance   
AL is a common referance to the Aeternal Light alliance   
AOF   is a common refrance to the Annihilation of Faith alliance   
FA is a common referance to the Forgotten Ancients alliance   
SD is a common referance to the Skums Dump alliance   
DDD    is a common referance to the Dooms Day Defenders alliance   
ddd is a common referance to the Doom Day defense  alliance   
ML is a common referance to the Murphy's Law alliance   
NAW is a common referance to the New Age Warriors alliance   
UEA is a common referance to United Earth Alliance Reborn  alliance   
ABS  Is a common referance to absorb power or Sheild strength   
Acc or ACU is common referance to accuracy   
HP is common for Hitpoints   
A is common for attack power   
D is common for Defense power   
it is also common to request the A/ D/ HP  ratio of a ship  which is most of the time stated as 1:0.10:2   or some such number  much of the time it is only A/ HP that is requested stated as 1:2 commonlyneb  a common term to describe the protective nebula   
PShip a common term to describe a small cheap heavy armed ship designed to give massive amounts of power for its size and cost but designed to die at first contact in order to protect the mother ship and mission ships by causing you to go into a protective neb   
Swarmers - Cheap ships with HP and high attack, mostly around 2500 to 5000. Used to kill strong ships. 
Pswarmer - Almost the same a Pships but have low HP instead of none and slight amount of ABS and ACU (around 10% or so) . 
Tinyman - (obselete) Ship with 3/4/5 space and systems that cost around a mill or more each. So create a very expensive ships that gets an enormous swarm bonus. 
Missionsships/ Strong Ships/ Main Ship/ Tanks/ Super Ships - The ships you do missions with and stuff,  that are not a swarm ship these ships are designed to stand alone in a fleet.
These listed alliances are those that have been around for a long time or have gained much recognition lately.  please dont get upset if I have not mentioned your alliance name here, and if you have more please PM me so I may add them here and other suggestions for this post.
and Thanks to Malice for proof reading this post
Thanks basill for additional definitions